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    06/05/2007

    Belladonine颠茄素

    颠茄(SolanumaculeatissimumJacq.),为茄科(Solanaceae)茄属(Solanum)的多年生草本植物颠茄(AtropabelladonnaLinnaeus),其根为颠茄根(BelladonnaeRadix;BelladonnaRoot;Belladonnawurzel);叶为颠茄叶(BelladonnaeFolium;BelladonnaLeaves;Belladonnablatter),均供药用。其药用相传远自古希腊之希波拉底斯氏(Hippocrates)时期即见知於世。本为自喜马拉雅山系经高加索、伊朗而达於欧洲之山毛榉树林带下广泛分布之多年草。古印度人兴都斯(Hindus)曾使用於引起某种麻醉状态之药物。林奈氏由於其可致人於死,而命以古代司命运之女神阿托帕斯(Atropas)之名为其属名,至於种名belladonna,则为美女之义。其红色果汁用於颊红,植物汁经稀释者用以点眼,以增加女人之魅力。中文名「颠茄」,乃指令人发狂之茄科植物。

    依规定根须含总生物碱百分之0.四五以上,主成分为茛菪碱(ℓ-hyoscyamineC17H23O3N)、东茛菪碱(ℓ-scopolamine(Hyoscine)C17H21O4N(百分之五至一)),并含阿托品(AtropineC17H23O3N)、阿托品(Apoatropine(Atropamine)C17H21O2N)、颠茄素(BelladonineC17H21O2)
     
    强碱性毒剂。能中和沙林(显酸性)。
    注入心房能使中和十分迅速,使沙林失效。

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